History-World+War+II+and+America-the+homefront

__The Government gets ready for war__ >> Examples: >>> $9 billion in 1940 ( Defense spending: 9% of GNP) >>> $98 billion in 1945 (Defense spending: 46% of GNP) >>> - $40 billion sold to small investors, $80 billion to companies and the wealthy >>> Revenue Act of 1942: payroll deduction system created; top tax raised to 94% (today, the highest is 35% if you make over $373,650) __Japanese American internmen__t __The Attack on Pearl Harbor__
 * War Powers Act
 * FDR is given complete authority
 * Supreme Court justice James F. Byrnes chosen to head the Office of War Mobilization (OWM)
 * Hundreds of new agencies set up to control every part of American life.
 * __War Production Board__
 * Established in January 1942
 * Allocate scar materials to industry
 * Require companies to produce war supplies instead of civilian goods
 * Make war profitable for corporations
 * Guaranteed profits
 * Tax write-offs
 * No prosecutions for anti-trust violations.
 * Car factories make tanks and such
 * Merry-go-round factory makes guns
 * Pinball-machine factory makes bullets
 * Other companies make things like parts for planes and such
 * Clothing companies make uniforms
 * __The Miracle of Production__
 * In 1941, only 15% of industrial production was military purposes; by June, 1942, over HALF!
 * The U.S. makes more war supplies than all of the Axis nations combined (Twice as much as Germany, give times as much as Japan)
 * Factories run 24hrs/day, 7days/week
 * 300,000 military aircraft, 86,000 tanks, 2.6 million machine guns, 6 million tons of bombs, 86,000 warships
 * New technologies: synthetic rubber, faster processes for building ships, etc.
 * __Paying for the War__
 * The U.S. spends $250 million a day on the war!
 * Federal budget grows:
 * War bond sales:
 * Executive Order 9066- It was one of the most shameful documents in American History. It was signed by President Franklin Roosevelt on February 19,1942, to begin the internment of one hundred twenty thousand residents of Japanese American citizens. It was the codification of racism.
 * Life in the internment camps- The buildings were not even complete yet, when the people were moved into them. The internment camps were isolated.
 * The United States had trade with Japan and traded oil.
 * Cut off majority of trade in an attempt to get Japan to stop their actions.
 * Japanese attacked US Naval ships at Pearl Harbor

__The Greatest Generation__
 * Family life
 * Increase and decrease in marriages
 * Since men were off fighting, there were no fathers home to be there for their children
 * Children
 * “latchkey” children- children who return home after school to an empty house because their parents were away at work. A child who is also left at home with little or no parent supervision.
 * Decrease in child-care facilities because women who usually took care of children was off doing a “man’s job
 * Teenagers
 * the number of high school drop outs increased resulting in the teenage work force raising from 1 million to 3 million
 * Curfew Laws- enacted to keep kids under the age of 18 away from trouble and because their father's werent home to lay down the law.
 * Wives
 * Women now took up jobs in the industry
 * Many women were trying to balance work and their home life
 * After the war, Women were encouraged to give their jobs back to soldiers and go back to being lady-like housewives, but 1/3 of women remained in the workforce